Heat Injury First Aid

When in doubt about a Heat-related injury or illness, call 911!

Sunburn

Symptoms:
Skin redness and pain, possible swelling, blisters, fever, headaches.
First Aid:

1. Take a shower, using soap, to remove oils that may block pores preventing the body from cooling naturally.
2. If blisters occur, apply dry, sterile dressings and get medical attention.

Heat Cramps

Symptoms:
Painful spasms usually in leg and abdominal muscles. Heavy sweating.
First Aid:

1. Firm pressure on cramping muscles or gentle massage to relieve spasm.
2. Give sips of water. If nausea occurs, discontinue.

Heat Exhaustion

Symptoms:
Heavy sweating, weakness, skin cold, pale and clammy. Weak pulse. Normal temperature possible. Fainting, vomiting.
First Aid:

1. Get victim to lie down in a cool place.
2. Loosen clothing.
3. Apply cool, wet cloths.
4. Fan or move victim to air-conditioned place.
5. Give sips of water. If nausea occurs, discontinue.
6. If vomiting occurs, seek immediate medical attention.

Heat Stroke (Sun Stroke)

Symptoms:
High body temperature (106+). Hot, dry skin. Rapid, strong pulse. Possible unconsciousness. Victim will likely not sweat.
First Aid:

1. Heat stroke is a severe medical emergency. Call 9-1-1 or emergency medical services or get the victim to a hospital immediately. Delay can be fatal.
2. Move victim to a cooler environment.
3. Try a cool bath or sponging to reduce body temperature.
4. Use extreme caution.
5. Remove clothing. Use fans and/or air conditioners.
6. DO NOT GIVE FLUIDS.